Question: 25. The most important step for speciation to occur:
a. premating reproductive isolating barrier
…
25. The most important step for speciation to occur:
a. premating reproductive isolating barrier
b. reduced gene flow
c. discrimination by females between males of different
genotypes
d. vicariance
26. Champion of allopatric speciation:
a. Tony Allison
b. Ernst Mayr
c. Motoo Kimura
d. Arthur DeVries
27. Speciation in the example of the apple maggot fly on apples
might be called:
a. vicariant
b. allopatric
c. sympatric
d. disruptive
28. Reinforcement as a stage in the speciation process is driven
by:
a. genetic drift and natural selection
b. natural selection and sexual selection
c. sexual selection and vicariance
d. vicariance and genetic drift
29. Which of the following is a pre-mating reproductive
isolation mechanism?
a. gametic mortality in the female reproductive tract
b. sterility of hybrid offspring, as in the case of the mule
c. death of the pollen tube while growing through the style of a
flower
d. non-recognition of pheromones (chemical signals) between
potential mates
30. An example of sympatric speciation in plants is:
a. production of a new palm species on Lord Howe Island
b. evolution of cherries from hawthorns
c. evolution of wind pollination in grasses
d. multiple oak species all growing in the same place in
Missouri
31. Sweet vernal grass plants living on mine tailings differ
from plants growing off mine tailings in:
a. flowering time
b. height
c. self-incompatibility
d. resistance to toxic minerals
e. all of the above
32. The concept of a biological species is based on:
a. morphology
b. genetic differences
c. ability to interbreed
d. phylogenetic history
33. Rhagoletis flies look for mates:
a. around rotting fruits on the ground
b. near mushrooms
c. in garbage dumps
d. on very young fruits still on trees
34. Sympatric speciation has arisen in Rhagoletis picture-winged
flies because:
a. looking for mates is linked to different tree phenologies but
in the same place
b. different tree species provide different chemicals to larvae
that are then passed onto adults who use them to attract mates, all
occurring the same place
c. the flies cannot fly from one valley to the next
d. larvae get washed by rain from one mushroom species to
another resulting in shifts in food types that then cause
reproductive barriers between adults, all in the same place
35. The distribution and breeding patterns of gull species
around the Arctic Circle are an example of:
a. asexual species
b. a ring species
c. vicariance through dispersal
d. sympatric speciation
36. The continents of Africa and South America were once joined,
and then slowly drifted apart, separating populations that were
once sharing genes. This is an example of:
a. allopatric speciation through dispersal
b. allopatric speciation through vicariance
c. allopatric speciation through sexual selection
d. allopatric speciation through genetic drift
37. An example of relatively rapid speciation rates can be found
in:
a. scale-eating fish
b. cichlid fish in Lake Tanganyika
c. snapping shrimp on either side of the Isthmus of Panama
d. color forms in the tiger swallowtail
38. Speciation by polyploidization might be thought of as
“instant speciation”. Why?
a. It happens very quickly, within a few 100 years
b. Polyploids are automatically isolated from parental species
because their triploid offspring are sterile.
c. Insect pollinators only visit the polyploids, not the
parental species.
d. The polyploids occur in a completely different habitat than
the parental species and are, for that reason, reproductively
isolated from the parental species.
39. How are tetraploid offspring (those with twice as many
chromosomes as the parents) produced?
a. through the fusion of unreduced gametes
b. through unequal crossing over
c. through sexual selection
d. through genetic drift
40. The process that separates macroevolution from
microevolution is:
a. sexual selection
b. polyploidization
c. speciation
d. vicariance
41. Ecological speciation is driven by:
a. genetic drift
b. natural selection
c. polyploidization
d. vicariance
42. In Mullerian mimicry, the selective force is:
a. competition
b. symbiogenesis
c. predation
d. homology
43. Convergent evolution down to the molecular level has
occurred in:
a. electric fishes
b. beach and forest mice on the gulf coast of Florida
c. Heliconius butterflies
d. coat color genes in the Felidae (the cats)
44. Stromatolites are:
a. living concretions of cyanobacteria
b. fossil dung
c. fossil evidence of activity, e.g., tracks
d. animal parts found on amber
45. The first living organisms might have used which compound as
a source of electrons:
a. water
b. hydrogen sulfide
c. carbon dioxide
d. amino acids
46. They are responsible in large part for the idea of molecular
clock:
a. George Gaylord Simpson and Ernst Mayr
b. Alan Wilson and Vicent Sarich
c. Louis and Mary Leakey
d. Emile Zuckerland and Linus Pauling
e. James Watson and Francis Crick
47. The fishapod is a:
a. dinosaur
b. early whale
c. sister species to reptiles
d. missing link
48. The Burgess Shale is important because it:
a. was the source of the bird-dinosaur missing link,
Archaeopteryx
b. provided evidence for the nature of Cambrian
invertebrates
c. provided evidence for impact of giant meteorite
d. provided evidence for symbiogenesis
49. Speciation by polyploidization is most common in:
a. fish
b. birds
c. asexual lizards
d. plants
50. Whales share more recent ancestor with which taxon?
a. artiodactyls
b. sharks
c. ichthyosaurs
d. amphibians
