Question: I: Mr George McFarlane Is A 53 Year Old Male. S: George Has Presented To The Accident And Emergency Department With A History Of Chest Pain Which Started Yesterday As He Was Driving Back From An Interstate Trip. B: George’s Past Medical History (PMHx) Include: Type Ll Diabetes Needing Close Management. Records BGL Daily Osteoarthritis In L) Knee …

I: Mr George McFarlane is a 53year old male.

S: George has presented to theaccident and emergency department with a history of chest painwhich started yesterday as he was driving back from an interstatetrip.

B: George’s past Medical History(PMHx) include:

• Type ll Diabetes needing close management. Records BGLdaily
• Osteoarthritis in L) Knee
• Allergy to Penicillin

Social History (SHx):

• Married for 5 years to Yu Yan, who is of Chinese heritage,she speaks English well
• Occupation: Long Haul truck driver, often isolated fromfamily and friends as on the road and away from home due to work.Speaks to wife daily when away.
• ETOH (Alcohol) usage on a regular basis
• Smoker, averages 15 cigarettes per day
• Often consumes take away/ fast food diet as away from homeregularly
• Sedentary lifestyle, often watches TV to cope with stress.Little to no exercise

A: Mr McFarlane is 118kg and 180cmin height. Current vital signs Resp 26, O₂ Sats 97% onroom air (RA), BP 170/90, HR 110, Temp 37.

George’s condition continues to deteriorate, his RR has increaseand his O₂ sats have decreased over the past 2 hours. Aclinical review finds that George is in cardiogenic shock and he istransferred to HDU for management. He has a PICC line inserted forIV fluids and medication. He requires continuous positive airwaypressure (CPAP) mask to maintain his O2 levels.

1. Outline your understanding of the difference between a CPAP andBi-level positive Airway pressure (BiPAP)
2. What is your role as an EN in caring for and monitoring aclient on CPAP or BiPAP?

Reference required.